Have y have gotA1
Have y have got para posesión, familia y características; solo have para acciones cotidianas. Have lleva do / does y have got lleva have / has: I don't have a car. I haven't got a car.
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No hay información en el nivel actual. Esta vista empieza en A1: elige A1 o un nivel superior.
Guía rápidaA1
| Forma | have | have got |
|---|---|---|
| Afirmación: I / you / we / they | I have a car. | I've got a car. |
| Afirmación: he / she / it | She has a car. | She's got a car. |
| Negación: I / you / we / they | I don't have a car. | I haven't got a car. |
| Negación: he / she / it | He doesn't have a car. | He hasn't got a car. |
| Pregunta: I / you / we / they | Do you have a car? | Have you got a car? |
| Pregunta: he / she / it | Does she have a car? | Has she got a car? |
| Respuesta corta | Yes, I do. / No, I don't. | Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. |
| Acciones: solo have | I have breakfast at 8. | — |
| Estilo | neutro, también por escrito | informal, sobre todo en el habla |
Visión generalA1
- have y have got tienen el mismo significado para posesión, familia y características.
- Las acciones (have breakfast, have a shower) llevan solo have.
Forma: afirmativaA1
| Sujeto | have | have got |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | They have two children. | They've got two children. |
| he / she / it | She has a car. | She's got a car. |
- he / she / it lleva has: She has a dog. — Ella tiene un perro.
- En el habla y en los mensajes se usan las formas contraídas 've got y 's got.
Forma: negativaA1
| Sujeto | have | have got |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | I don't have a car. | I haven't got a car. |
| he / she / it | He doesn't have a car. | He hasn't got a car. |
- have forma la negación con don't / doesn't y la forma base: He doesn't have. — Él no tiene.
- have got forma la negación con haven't / hasn't antes de got.
Forma: preguntasA1
| Sujeto | have | have got |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | Do you have a car? | Have you got a car? |
| he / she / it | Does she have a car? | Has she got a car? |
- En las preguntas con palabra interrogativa (wh-), esa palabra va primero: How many brothers do you have? / What have you got? — ¿Cuántos hermanos tienes? / ¿Qué tienes?
Forma: respuestas cortasA1
| Pregunta | Sí | No |
|---|---|---|
| Do you have a bike? | Yes, I do. | No, I don't. |
| Does she have a bike? | Yes, she does. | No, she doesn't. |
| Have you got a bike? | Yes, I have. | No, I haven't. |
| Has she got a bike? | Yes, she has. | No, she hasn't. |
- La respuesta corta termina con el verbo auxiliar de la pregunta: do / does o have / has.
UsoA1
| Uso | Ejemplo | Español |
|---|---|---|
| Posesión | I have a new phone. | Tengo un teléfono nuevo. |
| Familia y amigos | She's got two sisters. | Ella tiene dos hermanas. |
| Características, aspecto | He has blue eyes. / My flat has a balcony. | Él tiene los ojos azules. / Mi apartamento tiene un balcón. |
| Enfermedad, dolor | I've got a headache. | Tengo dolor de cabeza. |
| Trabajo, citas | I've got a meeting at 3. | Tengo una reunión a las tres. |
Have para accionesA1
| Grupo | Ejemplo | Español |
|---|---|---|
| Comidas y bebidas | I have breakfast at 8. / Let's have a coffee. | Desayuno a las ocho. / Tomemos un café. |
| Aseo | She has a shower every morning. | Ella se ducha todas las mañanas. |
| Descanso, diversión | We have a rest. / They have a party. | Descansamos. / Ellos hacen una fiesta. |
| Conversación | I have a chat with Tom. | Charlo con Tom. |
- En este uso have es un verbo principal, por eso las preguntas y las negaciones llevan do / does: What time do you have lunch? / I don't have breakfast. — ¿A qué hora almuerzas? / No desayuno.
Comparación: have y have gotA1
| Aspecto | have | have got |
|---|---|---|
| Estilo | neutro, también por escrito | informal, sobre todo en el habla |
| Región | EE. UU.: la forma habitual | frecuente en el inglés británico |
| Ejemplo | Do you have a pen? — ¿Tienes un bolígrafo? | Have you got a pen? — ¿Tienes un bolígrafo? |
Errores frecuentesA1
| ✗ | ✓ | Regla |
|---|---|---|
| She have a dog. | She has a dog. | he / she / it → has |
| Do you have got a car? | Do you have a car? / Have you got a car? | do va con have, no con have got |
| I don't have got a car. | I haven't got a car. / I don't have a car. | elige una sola estructura: have o have got |
| Does she has a car? | Does she have a car? | does + forma base |
| She don't have a car. | She doesn't have a car. | he / she / it → doesn't |
| I have got breakfast at 8. | I have breakfast at 8. | las acciones llevan solo have |