Scheda riassuntiva: Tempi verbali
Tempi verbali
Mappa dei tempi verbali
| Tempo verbale | Forma | Significato | Esempio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present simple | V / V-s | abitudini, fatti, stati permanenti | I always walk to work. |
| Present continuous | am / is / are + V-ing | adesso, situazioni temporanee | I'm working now. |
| A2Present perfect | have / has + V-ed | azioni passate rilevanti per il presente | I've never been to Rome. |
| Past simple | V-ed / irregular | fatti conclusi | I worked yesterday. |
| A2Past continuous | was / were + V-ing | in corso in un momento del passato | I was working at eight. |
| A2Used to | used to + V | abitudini e stati del passato che ora sono finiti | I used to swim when I was a child. |
| B1Past perfect | had + V-ed | prima di un altro fatto passato | She had left before I arrived. |
| Going to | am / is / are going to + V | piani, previsioni basate su indizi | We're going to cook tonight. |
| Present continuous per il futuro | am / is / are + V-ing | accordi già presi | I'm leaving tomorrow. |
| A2Will | will + V | decisioni, offerte, promesse, opinioni | I think it'll rain. |
| A2Present simple per il futuro | V / V-s | orari | The train leaves at six. |
Tempi semplici (Simple)
| Tempo verbale | Domanda | Affermazione | Negazione | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aus. | Soggetto | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | |||
| A2Futuro | Will | I | work? | I | will | work. | I | won't | work. | ||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| he | He | He | |||||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| we | We | We | |||||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
| Presente | Do | I | work? | I | work. | I | don't | work. | |||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| Does | he | He | works. | He | doesn't | ||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| Do | we | We | work. | We | don't | ||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
| Passato | Did | I | work? | I | worked. | I | didn't | work. | |||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| he | He | He | |||||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| we | We | We | |||||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
Tempi continui (Continuous)
| Tempo verbale | Domanda | Affermazione | Negazione | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aus. | Soggetto | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | |||
| B1Futuro | Will | I | be working? | I | will be | working. | I | won't be | working. | ||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| he | He | He | |||||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| we | We | We | |||||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
| Presente | Am | I | working? | I | am | working. | I | am not | working. | ||
| Are | you | You | are | You | aren't | ||||||
| Is | he | He | is | He | isn't | ||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| Are | we | We | are | We | aren't | ||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
| A2Passato | Was | I | working? | I | was | working. | I | wasn't | working. | ||
| Were | you | You | were | You | weren't | ||||||
| Was | he | He | was | He | wasn't | ||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| Were | we | We | were | We | weren't | ||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
Tempi perfetti (Perfect)
| Tempo verbale | Domanda | Affermazione | Negazione | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aus. | Soggetto | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | Soggetto | Aus. | Verbo | |||
| Present perfect | Have | I | worked? | I | have | worked. | I | haven't | worked. | ||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| Has | he | He | has | He | hasn't | ||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| Have | we | We | have | We | haven't | ||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
| B1Past perfect | Had | I | worked? | I | had | worked. | I | hadn't | worked. | ||
| you | You | You | |||||||||
| he | He | He | |||||||||
| she | She | She | |||||||||
| it | It | It | |||||||||
| we | We | We | |||||||||
| they | They | They | |||||||||
Forme del futuro
| Punto | Regola | Esempio | Italiano |
|---|---|---|---|
| am / is / are going to + V | piani e intenzioni; previsioni basate su prove | We're going to visit Granada. / Look at those clouds. It's going to rain. | Visiteremo Granada. / Guarda quelle nuvole. Sta per piovere. |
| am / is / are + V-ing | present continuous: un impegno fissato, con un riferimento al futuro | I'm seeing the dentist on Friday. | Venerdì vado dal dentista. |
| A2will / 'll / won't + V | decisioni prese al momento, offerte, promesse, opinioni (I think) | It's cold. I'll close the window. / I think she'll win. | Fa freddo. Chiudo la finestra. / Penso che vincerà. |
| A2V / V-s | present simple: orari | The train leaves at 6:15. | Il treno parte alle 6:15. |
| B1Previsione | opinione o ipotesi (I think): will; prove attuali: going to | I think it'll be a good year. / Watch out! You're going to fall. | Penso che sarà un buon anno. / Attenzione! Stai per cadere. |
| B1Impegno fissato o intenzione | impegno fissato: present continuous; intenzione: going to | I'm meeting Sam at 8. / I'm going to learn Italian. | Incontro Sam alle 8. / Ho intenzione di imparare l'italiano. |
| Trappola | i piani richiedono going to | I'm going to buy a car tomorrow. | Domani compro un'auto. |
| A2Trappola | will forma le domande da solo | Will you come? | Verrai? |
Used to
| Punto | Regola | Esempio | Italiano |
|---|---|---|---|
| Affermazione | used to + V: uguale per tutti i soggetti | She used to live in Rome. | Prima abitava a Roma. |
| Negazione | didn't use to + V | We didn't use to have a car. | Prima non avevamo la macchina. |
| Domanda | Did + soggetto + use to + V | Did you use to walk to school? — Yes, I did. | Andavi a scuola a piedi? — Sì, andavo. |
| Uso | abitudini e stati del passato che ora sono finiti | I used to walk to school. / We used to have a dog. | Prima andavo a scuola a piedi. / Prima avevamo un cane. |
| Past simple | un fatto singolo, oppure un tempo o un numero di volte indicato | I lived in Paris for two years. | Ho abitato a Parigi per due anni. |
| Posizione | always, often e never vanno prima di used to | He always used to be late. | Era sempre in ritardo. |
| Suono | la d è muta: used to si pronuncia come use-ta | I used to swim. | Prima nuotavo. |
| Trappola | l'affermazione mantiene la d: used to | I used to play football. | Prima giocavo a calcio. |
| Trappola | dopo did e didn't la d cade: use to | I didn't use to like it. | Prima non mi piaceva. |