| Reporting now | dice que: the same tense, the person changes | Dice que tiene hambre. | She says she's hungry. |
| Reporting the past | dijo que: a present becomes the imperfect | Dijo que tenía sueño. | He said he was sleepy. |
| Orders | dice que with the present subjunctive | Dice que te sientes. | She says you should sit down. |
| Questions | si for yes-no questions; question words stay, with their accent | Pregunta si vienes. / Me preguntó dónde vivía. | She's asking if you're coming. / He asked me where I lived. |
| Passive se | se with the verb agreeing with the thing | Se vende casa. / Se venden casas. | House for sale. / Houses for sale. |
| Impersonal se | se with a singular verb: people in general | En este restaurante se come muy bien. | You eat very well in this restaurant. |
| Trap | pronouns and possessives change with the speaker | Mi casa es pequeña. → Dice que su casa es pequeña. | My house is small. → She says her house is small. |
| Trap | a plural thing takes a plural verb: se venden | Aquí se hablan tres idiomas. | Three languages are spoken here. |