| Adding | y joins two words or two clauses | Soy americana y vivo en Los Ángeles. | I'm American and I live in Los Angeles. |
| Choice | o offers a choice | ¿Eres americano o inglés? | Are you American or English? |
| Contrast | pero sets two facts against each other, after a comma | Soy alemán, pero vivo en Suiza. | I'm German, but I live in Switzerland. |
| Negative | after a negative, ni adds the next item | No me gusta el otoño ni el invierno. | I don't like autumn or winter. |
| Reason | porque gives a reason, after the main clause | Estoy en España porque me gusta. | I'm in Spain because I like it. |
| A2Spelling | y → e before i, o → u before o | padre e hijo / siete u ocho | father and son / seven or eight |
| A2Result | por eso opens the result | Está enfermo. Por eso no ha venido. | He's ill. That's why he hasn't come. |
| A2Time | cuando with the present for what usually happens | Cuando llueve, me quedo en casa. | When it rains, I stay at home. |
| A2Order | primero / luego / después put actions in order | Primero desayuno, luego me ducho y después salgo. | First I have breakfast, then I have a shower and after that I go out. |
| B1Reason first | como gives the reason before the main clause | Como no venías, empecé a cenar. | As you weren't coming, I started dinner. |
| B1Contrast | aunque / sin embargo: a fact that goes against the other | Lo entiendo todo, aunque no hablo bien. | I understand everything, although I don't speak well. |
| B1Result | así que joins the result to the cause | No había entradas, así que no la vimos. | There were no tickets left, so we didn't see it. |