| Form | he / has / ha / hemos / han + past participle | ¿Has estado en Perú? | Have you been to Peru? |
| Form | vosotros: habéis + past participle | ¿Habéis terminado? | Have you finished? |
| Form | participle: hablar → hablado, comer → comido, vivir → vivido | Nunca he vivido sola. | I've never lived on my own. |
| Form | irregular participles: hacer → hecho, escribir → escrito, ver → visto | Ya he hecho la cena. | I've already made dinner. |
| Form | more irregular participles: decir → dicho, poner → puesto, volver → vuelto, abrir → abierto | ¿Quién ha abierto la ventana? | Who has opened the window? |
| Use | experience up to now, with alguna vez and nunca | ¿Has probado el mole alguna vez? | Have you ever tried mole? |
| Use | done or not yet done, with ya and todavía no | Todavía no he terminado. | I haven't finished yet. |
| Use | a time that includes now: hoy, esta mañana, este año | Esta mañana he ido al médico. | I went to the doctor this morning. |
| Use | a situation that goes on up to now | Siempre he vivido aquí. | I've always lived here. |
| Trap | object pronouns and no go before haber | No lo he visto. | I haven't seen it. |
| Trap | a finished time such as ayer takes the preterite | Ayer fui al cine. | I went to the cinema yesterday. |