Ringkasan: Kata ganti

Kata ganti

Poin	Kata ganti	Aturan	Contoh
Subjek	I / you / he / she / it / we / they	berada sebelum kata kerja	She's a teacher.
A1Objek	me / you / him / her / it / us / them	berada sesudah kata kerja atau kata depan	Can you help me?
Kepemilikan + kata benda	my / your / his / her / its / our / their	berada sebelum kata benda, tanpa artikel	My name is Tom.
A1Kepemilikan berdiri sendiri	mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs	berdiri sendiri, tanpa kata benda	This bag is mine.
Cuaca, waktu	it	tidak ada subjek yang sebenarnya: it mengisi tempatnya	It's cold today.
Jebakan	its	its tidak memakai apostrof; it's = it is	The dog wants its food.
A1Jebakan	yours / hers / ours / theirs	tanpa apostrof	Is this yours?

Poin	Kata	Aturan	Contoh
some-	somebody / someone / something / somewhere	kalimat positif, tawaran, dan permintaan	I saw somebody in the garden.
any-	anybody / anyone / anything / anywhere	setelah not dan dalam pertanyaan	I didn't see anybody. / Did anyone call?
no-	nobody / no one / nothing / nowhere	kata kerja tetap positif: hanya satu kata negatif	I saw nothing.
every-	everybody / everyone / everything / everywhere	berarti semua	Everything is ready.
Kata kerja	everybody	kata ganti tak tentu diikuti kata kerja bentuk tunggal	Everybody is here.
Jebakan	nobody	subjek negatif → nobody	Nobody came.

Poin	Aturan	Contoh	Bahasa Indonesia
myself / yourself / himself / herself / itself	bentuk tunggal berakhiran -self	She talks to herself.	Dia berbicara pada dirinya sendiri.
ourselves / yourselves / themselves	bentuk jamak berakhiran -selves; yourselves = beberapa orang	They looked at themselves in the mirror.	Mereka melihat diri mereka sendiri di cermin.
Orang yang sama	objek adalah orang yang sama dengan subjek	I burnt myself in the kitchen.	Saya kena luka bakar di dapur.
Penekanan	orang itu sendiri dan bukan orang lain	I made the cake myself.	Saya membuat kue itu sendiri.
by + kata ganti refleksif	sendirian, tanpa bantuan	He lives by himself.	Dia tinggal sendiri.
Kata kerja rutinitas	kata kerja sehari-hari berdiri sendiri: get dressed, relax, sit down	I get dressed quickly.	Saya berpakaian dengan cepat.
each other	setiap orang → orang yang lain	They looked at each other.	Mereka saling memandang.
Jebakan	him + self / them + selves	He hurt himself. / They enjoyed themselves.	Dia melukai dirinya sendiri. / Mereka bersenang-senang.